Energy diplomacy is a complex and pivotal aspect of international relations, yet remains rather underexplored in academic discourse. This study aims to address this gap by examining how states utilise energy diplomacy to bolster their power in a global landscape marked by significant transitions. It begins by exploring the strategic engagements of states in energy diplomacy, particularly in light of heightened concerns over energy security amid persistent geopolitical conflicts. Furthermore, this study analyses the evolving role of energy diplomacy in the context of the global shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. By examining these dynamics, this research aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of energy diplomacy’s role in contemporary international politics and its implications for sustainable energy transitions.