Cryptology is the science of encrypting and decrypting information and the methods employed to those ends. Cryptography, from the Greek “kryptós,” meaning secret or hidden, and “gráphein,” meaning writing, is a subset of cryptology that describes the creation of methods for encrypting information so unauthorized parties cannot understand it. Steganography refers to methods for disguising the communication channel over which cryptographically encrypted messages are sent. Cryptanalysis, another important sub-discipline of cryptology, is concerned with techniques for decrypting cryptographically encrypted information without the consent of the party that encrypted the original message. Therefore, while a cryptographer changes information so it appears incomprehensible, the cryptanalyst renders this information comprehensible again, usually without permission.