Application of Nanotechnology for Natural and Marine Waters Monitoring
摘要
This article provides an overview of recent advancements in nanomaterials usage such as quantum dots, noble metals, carbon nanostructures (graphene and carbon nanotubes), magnetic nanoparticles, etc. for monitoring natural and marine waters. It highlights the application of nanomaterial-based sensors, including electrochemical nanosensors and optical sensors, for detecting various pollutants such as bacteria, chemical oxygen demand (COD), heavy metals (e.g., Pb2⁺, Cu2⁺, Cd2⁺, Cr⁶⁺, Cr3⁺, Ni2⁺), and arsenic. Additionally, the paper explores different types of nanobiosensors and their role in identifying heavy metals in surface and marine waters. It also discusses using nanostructured membranes as contaminant indicators for microplastic detection.