Mount Triglav and Its Role Among Slovenes
摘要
Mount Triglav, the highest mountain in the Julian Alps, is also the highest peak of the Republic of Slovenia. It is depicted in the national coat of arms and, consequently, in the flag of the country. Thus, it is the most prominent Slovenian national symbol. This status is rooted in the historical processes and events that linked Mount Triglav with Slovenes. The name Triglav appeared on a map for the first time in 1744, and its first depiction dates back to 1778. With the development and organization of mountaineering and alpinism in the second half of the nineteenth century, Slovenian mountains, and in particular the Triglav mountain range, aroused the interest of German mountaineering clubs, which began to build huts and lay out trails to these huts and to nearby summits in order to mark this area as German. This general sentiment and purely patriotic motives led Jakob Aljaž, who worked as a parish priest beneath Triglav, to purchase the summit of Triglav in 1895 and erect a tower there. In the following years, the public increasingly took notice of his action, a visible indicator of the victory of Slovenes over Germans. Gradually, Triglav became an ever-growing symbol of Slovenian identity. The architect Jože Plečnik first depicted the mountain as a symbol of Slovenes in 1934. At the end of 1941, during the occupation of Slovenia in the Second World War, Triglav was used as a symbol of the Liberation Front. In 1947, it was officially used as a national symbol in the new Slovenian Constitution, when it was depicted in the coat of arms. It remained in every Yugoslav and Slovenian constitution until Slovenia’s independence in 1991and afterwards.