Montenegro and Slovenia have been associated with mountains for centuries. Over the course of history, the two countries have largely followed different paths, but some geographical, cultural, and historical features of their mountains have nonetheless been similar. This duality (i.e., their similarities on the one hand and differences on the other) was one of the main inspirations for this volume, which is the first multidisciplinary work on geographical, cultural, historical, and some other aspects of mountains in Montenegro and Slovenia. It contains twenty-nine chapters, written by forty-five authors. The title of the volume, with “discourses” in the plural, emphasizes the diversity of the topics discussed, which all shed light on the mountains in the two countries. Chronologically, the volume deals with topics ranging from prehistory to the present, spatially covering most of Montenegro’s and Slovenia’s mountainous areas.