The vast amount of information on microbial fuel cells generates biases or errors in the search and orientation of research, so it is essential to address this area using scientific metrics. This article focuses on bibliometric analysis to reveal trends in the use of microbial fuel cells (MFC) and their potential use in the bioremediation of toxic heavy metals and generation of bioelectricity using agricultural effluents. The designs generated by MFCs have been applied to these processes. However, the creation of a scalable design that can treat different types of water contaminated with toxic metal ions in real time has expanded its scope. This research has analyzed articles, keywords, and countries with high-impact publications. Using RStudio, Excel, and VOSviewer, data obtained from Scopus from 2013 to March 2024 were analyzed. This research reveals the developments and trends that emerged and stood out in the last 10 years and the authors who have published the most on this topic with the greatest impact, with China, India, and the United States being the countries with the most important publications.