Caries management in children should extend beyond treating cavities with fillings. The operator should focus on caries intervention, first by identifying individual factors contributing to demineralization and then by introducing professional and home care measures that promote remineralization. This proactive approach is the essence of Caries Risk Assessment. Till date, integrating Caries Risk Assessment into daily clinical practice remains a challenge for many clinicians. This chapter elaborates on identifying and assigning a caries risk status to a child using information gathered during the first dental visit. The information will enable operators to outline professional and home care preventive strategies based on the caries risk status.