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This chapter examines the critical nexus between water quality parameters and uranium solubility, highlighting the intricate interplay that governs uranium mobility in aqueous environments. Uranium, predominantly present in the hexavalent state as a uranyl ion ( \( {\mathrm{UO}}_2^{2+} \) ), exhibits varying solubilities influenced by factors such as pH, redox potential, temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, and organic matter content. This chapter delves into the chemical and physical properties of uranium, elucidating the mechanisms by which these parameters affect its solubility. Case studies are presented to illustrate uranium behavior in different water systems, including groundwater, surface water, and polluted water, emphasizing the role of anthropogenic activities. The health implications of uranium solubility are critically analyzed, considering its nephrotoxic and radiotoxic effects. The environmental consequences, including bioaccumulation and ecosystem disruption, are also discussed. Current research findings are synthesized to identify existing knowledge gaps and suggest future research directions. By providing a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing uranium solubility, this chapter underscores the importance of monitoring and managing water quality to mitigate the risks associated with uranium contamination.

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The Crucial Link: Why Water Quality and Uranium Solubility Matter

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Kamyar Yaghmaeian,
  • Mohammad Rezvani Ghalhari,
  • Niloufar Borhani Yazdi,
  • Farshad Hamidi,
  • Aysan Morovvati Zarajabad,
  • Mahla Mazloumian,
  • Narges Ebrahimi,
  • Hossein Arfaeinia

摘要

This chapter examines the critical nexus between water quality parameters and uranium solubility, highlighting the intricate interplay that governs uranium mobility in aqueous environments. Uranium, predominantly present in the hexavalent state as a uranyl ion ( \( {\mathrm{UO}}_2^{2+} \) ), exhibits varying solubilities influenced by factors such as pH, redox potential, temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, and organic matter content. This chapter delves into the chemical and physical properties of uranium, elucidating the mechanisms by which these parameters affect its solubility. Case studies are presented to illustrate uranium behavior in different water systems, including groundwater, surface water, and polluted water, emphasizing the role of anthropogenic activities. The health implications of uranium solubility are critically analyzed, considering its nephrotoxic and radiotoxic effects. The environmental consequences, including bioaccumulation and ecosystem disruption, are also discussed. Current research findings are synthesized to identify existing knowledge gaps and suggest future research directions. By providing a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing uranium solubility, this chapter underscores the importance of monitoring and managing water quality to mitigate the risks associated with uranium contamination.