The 2024 House of Representatives election in Japan revealed both persistent structural features and notable transformations in electoral politics. Institutional factors such as the prime minister’s authority to dissolve the chamber, short campaign periods, and the continuing influence of an aging electorate remained significant. At the same time, the relative depopulation of rural areas and the decline of the dankai generation underscored shifts in the political landscape. The election also highlighted the growing role of digital campaigning, with parties such as the Democratic Party for the People (DPP) and Reiwa Shinsengumi leveraging online platforms, particularly YouTube, to engage younger voters and emphasize economic issues, in contrast to established opposition parties that remained focused on political scandals. The ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), under Ishiba Shigeru, suffered setbacks due to a rural-centered campaign strategy, weak party unity, and the mishandling of political finance scandals, which eroded its leadership image. Overall, the 2024 election marked a turning point, reflecting the interplay of demographic and technological changes in shaping future party competition and campaign strategies in Japan.