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Accurate measurement of reference crop evapotranspiration ( \(ET_0\) ) is essential for agricultural water management. The Penman-Monteith equation is frequently replaced by simplified empirical methods. Its use is restricted to localizing characteristics according to climatic and geographic factors. As a result, developing the best method for calibrating parameters is essential. In this study a flower pollination algorithm (FPA) was presented to maximize the suggested approaches \(ET_0\) in three categories. The Hargreaves-Samani (HS) method was determined to be the best temperature-based (T-based) method after a comparison of the optimization performance of the FAO56 Penman-Monteith (PM), Priestley-Taylor (PT) and Hargreaves-Samani (HS) methods in four climatic regions of India. The HS method outperformed the other types in the temperate monsoon region (TMR), as well as the temperate continental region (TCR). In conclusion, this work proposed the best strategy and algorithm \(ET_0\) using easily accessible data from four climatic zones in India. This facilitates decision making on the effective use and management of regional agricultural water resources.

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Estimating Reference Crop Evapotranspiration Using Optimized Empirical methods with a Novel Improved Flower Pollination Algorithm in Four Climatic Regions of India

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Himanshukumar R. Patel,
  • Sejal Raval,
  • Purvang Dalal,
  • Vipul A. Shah

摘要

Accurate measurement of reference crop evapotranspiration ( \(ET_0\) ) is essential for agricultural water management. The Penman-Monteith equation is frequently replaced by simplified empirical methods. Its use is restricted to localizing characteristics according to climatic and geographic factors. As a result, developing the best method for calibrating parameters is essential. In this study a flower pollination algorithm (FPA) was presented to maximize the suggested approaches \(ET_0\) in three categories. The Hargreaves-Samani (HS) method was determined to be the best temperature-based (T-based) method after a comparison of the optimization performance of the FAO56 Penman-Monteith (PM), Priestley-Taylor (PT) and Hargreaves-Samani (HS) methods in four climatic regions of India. The HS method outperformed the other types in the temperate monsoon region (TMR), as well as the temperate continental region (TCR). In conclusion, this work proposed the best strategy and algorithm \(ET_0\) using easily accessible data from four climatic zones in India. This facilitates decision making on the effective use and management of regional agricultural water resources.