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Fermi led the team that designed and built the first nuclear reactor, Chicago Pile 1 that reached criticality on December 2, 1942. On this occasion, he developed the famous 4 factors formula that helps understanding how a thermal reactor works. In thermal neutron reactors, the aim is to take advantage of the very large microscopic fission cross-section of \({}^{235} \text{U}\) (or the even larger fission cross-section of \({}^{239} \text{Pu}\) ) for thermal neutrons. Neutrons must therefore be slowed down and thermalized, without being captured by \({}^{238} \text{U}\) traps. In this chapter, we evaluate the probability that a fast neutron survives the slowing-down phase without being captured by \({}^{238} \text{U}\) . This is known as theResonance escape probability resonance escape probability.

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Fermi's 4-Factors Formula [2, 3]

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Bertrand Mercier

摘要

Fermi led the team that designed and built the first nuclear reactor, Chicago Pile 1 that reached criticality on December 2, 1942. On this occasion, he developed the famous 4 factors formula that helps understanding how a thermal reactor works. In thermal neutron reactors, the aim is to take advantage of the very large microscopic fission cross-section of \({}^{235} \text{U}\) (or the even larger fission cross-section of \({}^{239} \text{Pu}\) ) for thermal neutrons. Neutrons must therefore be slowed down and thermalized, without being captured by \({}^{238} \text{U}\) traps. In this chapter, we evaluate the probability that a fast neutron survives the slowing-down phase without being captured by \({}^{238} \text{U}\) . This is known as theResonance escape probability resonance escape probability.