This chapter reviews the literature related to emotions, affect, and loving pedagogy as the main concepts of this volume. It includes four main sections: theoretical underpinnings, loving pedagogy, empirical backgrounds, and conclusion. Section 2.2 elucidates the main theories on which positive psychology (PP) is grounded, and each theory is expounded in relation to its significance in language education domains. Additionally, the first part of this section sets the ground for illustrating different theoretical underpinnings, including PP and its waves, existential PP, broaden and build theory, PERMA model, rhetorical/relational goal theory (RRGT), and attachment theory (AT). Section 2.3 predominantly focuses on loving pedagogy and its diverse dimensions, namely the concept of love, loving pedagogy and education, models and dimensions of loving pedagogy, measurement of loving pedagogy, and the ecology of loving pedagogy. Next, studies conducted on loving pedagogy in general education and L2 education are touched upon. Finally, the key points directly related to the aim of this book will be explicated.