Seeing Double
摘要
This case explores Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS), a clinical variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). MFS is caused by an immune response to a preceding infection that cross-reacts with components of peripheral nerves because of molecular mimicry. This causes demyelination or axonal degeneration of peripheral nerves. Identified triggering events of GBS include infections involving Campylobacter jejuni, Cytomegalovirus, Influenza, Epstein-Barr virus, HIV, and Zika virus infections, and less commonly, immunization, surgery, trauma, and bone-marrow transplantation. Clinical variant Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) is characterized by ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia. In patients with GBS, lumbar puncture studies often reveal an elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein with a normal CSF white blood cell count. Antibodies against GQ1b are present in 85 to 90% of patients with MFS. Treatment with IVIg is recommended because of ease of administration and tolerability.