This study examines the existence and structure of digital ecosystems in university environments, considering their impact on innovation, efficiency and educational quality. Through a systematic mapping of the literature, its definition, characteristics, components and technologies present in this type of structures were identified. The results reveal significant deficiencies in the adoption of governance frameworks such as TOGAF and in the use of modeling tools such as ArchiMate and FAML, which are crucial for the effective documentation and management of digital ecosystems. The analysis highlights the critical need for improved integration and collaboration between modules, systems and middleware to ensure the interoperability and sustainability of the university digital ecosystem. Specific recommendations are proposed to guide educational institutions in enhancing their digital infrastructures, addressing aspects such as systems architecture, data management and IT security. This comprehensive approach seeks not only to optimize institutional performance, but also to transform the educational experience of students, preparing them for the technological challenges of the 21st century. The research contributes to the body of knowledge on digitization in higher education, providing a framework for future implementations and improvements in university digital ecosystems.