Gender Differences in Transformational Leadership and Their Impact on Organizational Outcomes: Insights from the UAE and Pakistan
摘要
This research explored gender differences in leadership and the impact of organizational changes and outcomes of the UAE and Pakistan-based organizations. The study addressed the significance of gender differences in adopting transformational leadership styles to influence the potential for broader organizational transformation, considering both countries’ cultural contexts. A sample size of 300 employees is targeted via stratified random sampling, which equally represents both countries. The data is collected through close-ended questionnaires in quantitative research. Organizational performance (OP), organizational commitment (OC), employee performance (EP), and job satisfaction (JS) in transformational leadership dimensions and organizational outcomes were measured by the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ). Data were analyzed through SmartPLS, and the evaluation of validity and reliability of the tested hypothesized relationship was conducted along with multi-group analysis (MGA) to examine cultural differences and gender-related leadership impacts. The findings revealed the interplay between gender dynamics, cultural variations, and leadership’s influence on organizational transformation. A variety of gender transformational leadership approaches were identified. The results highlighted how different cultural contexts in the UAE and Pakistan shape the positive impact of the gendered transformational leadership styles on organizational outcomes. The research recommends enhancing effective leadership to improve the business landscape in a globalized environment.