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As global challenges related to food security and sustainable development gain prominence, understanding the nutritional quality and production dynamics of food sources becomes increasingly vital. This study is conducted against this backdrop and aims to examine the seasonal dynamics of both the qualitative characteristics and the fatty acid profile of milk produced by Jersey cows at a breeding and reproduction farm in southern Russia. Milk samples were collected monthly from cows at the breeding farm throughout the year. Qualitative analysis, which included the determination of fat content and protein concentration, as well as fatty acid composition, was performed under laboratory conditions using a CombiFoss 7 DC spectral analyzer (FOSS, Denmark). The findings reveal statistically significant seasonal variations in milk composition. Fat content was notably higher during the winter months (6.11%) compared to the spring, summer, and autumn periods (5.88–5.96%). The peak protein concentration was observed in autumn (4.52%). Fatty acid composition analysis showed elevated levels of saturated fatty acids C14 and C16 during the winter season, whereas the concentration of fatty acid C18 increased in the summer. Seasonal factors, including feeding practices and climatic conditions, exert a considerable influence on the qualitative and fatty acid profiles of milk from Jersey cows. The results of this investigation can be employed to develop methodological guidelines aimed at optimizing the production of dairy products with specific characteristics throughout the year.

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Seasonal Shifts in Fatty Acid Composition of Jersey Milk Under Agricultural Dairy Management Systems

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Sergey A. Oleinik,
  • Tatiana S. Lesnyak,
  • Valentin S. Skripkin,
  • Dmitriy A. Kovalev

摘要

As global challenges related to food security and sustainable development gain prominence, understanding the nutritional quality and production dynamics of food sources becomes increasingly vital. This study is conducted against this backdrop and aims to examine the seasonal dynamics of both the qualitative characteristics and the fatty acid profile of milk produced by Jersey cows at a breeding and reproduction farm in southern Russia. Milk samples were collected monthly from cows at the breeding farm throughout the year. Qualitative analysis, which included the determination of fat content and protein concentration, as well as fatty acid composition, was performed under laboratory conditions using a CombiFoss 7 DC spectral analyzer (FOSS, Denmark). The findings reveal statistically significant seasonal variations in milk composition. Fat content was notably higher during the winter months (6.11%) compared to the spring, summer, and autumn periods (5.88–5.96%). The peak protein concentration was observed in autumn (4.52%). Fatty acid composition analysis showed elevated levels of saturated fatty acids C14 and C16 during the winter season, whereas the concentration of fatty acid C18 increased in the summer. Seasonal factors, including feeding practices and climatic conditions, exert a considerable influence on the qualitative and fatty acid profiles of milk from Jersey cows. The results of this investigation can be employed to develop methodological guidelines aimed at optimizing the production of dairy products with specific characteristics throughout the year.