The elemental composition of the soil determines various properties, modes and conditions. The nutrient regime, aggregate, ecological and meliorative conditions and fertility of the soil depend on the elemental state, therefore, the study of the elemental composition of the soil is relevant. The purpose of the study is to study the elemental composition, including the content of macro and microelements, salt composition, as well as the nutrient regime of rainfed soils of the Bakhmal district and to assess their properties and fertility. Conventional research methods were used, including the method of atomic emission spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma. In the rainfed soils of Uzbekistan, humus and organic carbon content is very low. In this regard, the content of total nitrogen is low. Due to the low activity of microbiological processes, limited by the lack of moisture, the content of nitrate nitrogen and mobile phosphorus is very low. The content of exchangeable potassium is relatively high, which is due to their high content in the parent rock. In these soils, carbonates have a high content. Therefore, the reaction of the environment is slightly alkaline, but the soil is not saline. However, due to the carbonate content of the soil and the alkaline reaction of the soil environment, the mobility of phosphates, iron, manganese, boron, copper and zinc decreases. But these soils have a high content of mobile calcium and magnesium. The content of mobile sodium is very low, which has a beneficial effect on the melioration state of these soils.