Early diagnosis and therapy increasingly operate at the cellular, molecular or even at the genetic level. As diagnostic techniques transition from the systems to the molecular level, the role of multimodality molecular imaging becomes increasingly important. Positron emission tomography (PET), x-ray computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and their combinations (PET/CT and PET/MRI) provide powerful multimodality techniques for in vivo imaging. Quantitative image analysis has profound roots in the use of modern molecular imaging modalities both in clinical and research settings to tackle varied diseases, including oncology, cardiology, neurology, and psychiatry. This paper reflects the tremendous increase in multimodality molecular imaging as both clinical and research imaging modalities in the past decade. An overview of advanced medial image instrumentation technologies and PET image quantification and related image processing issues with special emphasis on radiomics analysis will be presented. This paper aims to provide the medical image analysis and processing communities a review on the state-of-the-art algorithms used and under development for accurate quantitative analysis in multimodality and multiparametric molecular imaging and their validation mainly from the developer’s perspective. It will inform the readers about a series of advanced development carried out recently at the PET instrumentation & Neuroimaging Lab of Geneva University Hospital and other active research groups. Current and prospective future applications of quantitative molecular imaging are also addressed especially its use prior to therapy for dose distribution modeling and optimization of treatment volumes in external radiation therapy and patient-specific 3D dosimetry in targeted therapy towards the concept of image-guided radiation therapy. In this regard, the promising role of artificial intelligence (AI), in particular deep learning approaches, will be emphasized. To this end, example applications of deep learning in five generic fields of multimodality medical image analysis, including imaging instrumentation design, image denoising (low-dose imaging), image reconstruction quantification and segmentation, radiation dosimetry and computer-aided diagnosis and outcome prediction will be discussed. Future opportunities and the challenges facing the adoption of quantitative imaging biomarkers in the clinic and their role in basic research will also be addressed.

Multimodality Medical Image Analysis in the Era of Precision Medicine

会议论文
发表日期：

2025年

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Habib Zaidi

摘要

Early diagnosis and therapy increasingly operate at the cellular, molecular or even at the genetic level. As diagnostic techniques transition from the systems to the molecular level, the role of multimodality molecular imaging becomes increasingly important. Positron emission tomography (PET), x-ray computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and their combinations (PET/CT and PET/MRI) provide powerful multimodality techniques for in vivo imaging. Quantitative image analysis has profound roots in the use of modern molecular imaging modalities both in clinical and research settings to tackle varied diseases, including oncology, cardiology, neurology, and psychiatry. This paper reflects the tremendous increase in multimodality molecular imaging as both clinical and research imaging modalities in the past decade. An overview of advanced medial image instrumentation technologies and PET image quantification and related image processing issues with special emphasis on radiomics analysis will be presented. This paper aims to provide the medical image analysis and processing communities a review on the state-of-the-art algorithms used and under development for accurate quantitative analysis in multimodality and multiparametric molecular imaging and their validation mainly from the developer’s perspective. It will inform the readers about a series of advanced development carried out recently at the PET instrumentation & Neuroimaging Lab of Geneva University Hospital and other active research groups. Current and prospective future applications of quantitative molecular imaging are also addressed especially its use prior to therapy for dose distribution modeling and optimization of treatment volumes in external radiation therapy and patient-specific 3D dosimetry in targeted therapy towards the concept of image-guided radiation therapy. In this regard, the promising role of artificial intelligence (AI), in particular deep learning approaches, will be emphasized. To this end, example applications of deep learning in five generic fields of multimodality medical image analysis, including imaging instrumentation design, image denoising (low-dose imaging), image reconstruction quantification and segmentation, radiation dosimetry and computer-aided diagnosis and outcome prediction will be discussed. Future opportunities and the challenges facing the adoption of quantitative imaging biomarkers in the clinic and their role in basic research will also be addressed.