The urgent global shift toward clean energy has positioned the solar photovoltaic (PV) supply chain as a critical pillar in advancing sustainable development goals (SDG). Circular economy principles are essential for extending the lifespan of solar panels, improving recycling processes, and reusing raw materials. A key aspect of this transition is evaluating how effectively solar PV stakeholders implement circular economy targets based on their power and interests. This study assesses stakeholder performance in achieving circular economy objectives by employing an integrated Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methodology and spherical fuzzy number (SFN)sets, which more effectively address the uncertainty and ambiguity in experts’ linguistic evaluations compared to existing methodologies. The findings highlight the need to develop strategies to strengthen solar PV stakeholders’ power and interests in the circular economy. This novel study sheds light on practical and managerial implications for enhancing circularity objectives in the solar PV sector within the framework of SDG such as affordable and clean energy (SDG7) and climate action (SDG13). Furthermore, the integration of circular economy principles in the solar PV sector can lead to significant environmental benefits, including reduced waste and resource consumption. By adopting a holistic approach that incorporates SFN sets, stakeholders can better navigate the complexities of sustainable development and achieve long-term success in meeting SDGs.