This article is dedicated to the analysis of population dynamics and interrelations within the industrial ecosystem of the city of Magnitogorsk, centered around the largest metallurgical enterprise – Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works (PJSC MMK). The aim of the study is to examine changes in the composition and structure of the ecosystem from 2007 to 2021, as well as to identify the key factors influencing its development. The article explores changes in the ecosystem's composition, the emergence of new participants, financial indicators, and changes in the homogeneity of the ecosystem. The analysis revealed significant growth in the ecosystem's financial performance, as well as a high level of mobility among participants, confirmed by regular changes in the composition of companies. At the same time, an increase in diversity within the ecosystem was noted, along with stronger ties between PJSC MMK and its partners, contributing to the enhancement of synergistic effects. The results obtained can be useful for optimizing strategies for interaction among the participants of the industrial ecosystem and enhancing its resilience in the context of global economic changes.