The first ten years following the end of the Second World War marked significant economic growth for Uruguay. The economy, based on import substitution, allowed the country to continue, albeit in a much more modest tone, some of the reformist advances outlined at the beginning of the twentieth century, and during this period the industrialization process in Uruguay showed some progress. In the political context, the political division between the two historical parties was still maintained: a Colorado Party that traditionally summarized the forces of the capital; its traditional adversary being the National Party, historically representative of the forces of the countryside and the interior of the country. This dichotomy established between the two parties also characterized a duality in the country models they represented, a duality that had always found the Colorado Party victorious, but by 1958 showed a substantive shift not only in the governing forces, but in the general climate of the country. It was after the victory of a leader like Benito Nardone that the National Party managed to reach the Government, and with his arrival in power, a focus on traditionalist and neoliberal ideas was affirmed in the country that led, over the next decade, to a significant increase in state authoritarianism and violent civil response. The sixties were a decade in which Uruguay was not exempt from what was happening on the continent, where an increase, year after year, of social positions marked by radicalism manifested in constant confrontations and which would trigger the Coup d’Etat by the military forces in 1973.