Network-on-Chip (NoC) architectures have gained importance for efficient communication in multi-core systems, but they are vulnerable to deadlocks due to resource contention. To address this issue, we implement a unidirectional ring topology due to its simplicity and susceptibility to deadlocks, as an example in an attempt to study and propose a solution to this problem. This study demonstrates how Wormhole switching combined with virtual channels can prevent deadlocks. Wormhole switching segments packets into smaller flits, creating pipelined transmission and reducing buffer requirements. Virtual channels complement this by allowing more than one independent data streams to use the same physical link, minimizing head-of-line blocking and avoids resource conflicts. Together, they ensure deadlock-free communication. The experimental results confirm this approach to avoid deadlocks, even with heavy traffic conditions in the topology for unidirectional rings. This work highlights the possibility of including wormhole switching and virtual channels into scalable and reliable NoC designs.

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Implementation of Wormhole Switching with Virtual Channels to Mitigate Deadlock

  • Sumukh Vijaykumar,
  • Sathvik A. Rao,
  • Indrani Aekabote,
  • G. Sreenivasa Sai,
  • K. Shashi Raj,
  • A. B. Rakshith

摘要

Network-on-Chip (NoC) architectures have gained importance for efficient communication in multi-core systems, but they are vulnerable to deadlocks due to resource contention. To address this issue, we implement a unidirectional ring topology due to its simplicity and susceptibility to deadlocks, as an example in an attempt to study and propose a solution to this problem. This study demonstrates how Wormhole switching combined with virtual channels can prevent deadlocks. Wormhole switching segments packets into smaller flits, creating pipelined transmission and reducing buffer requirements. Virtual channels complement this by allowing more than one independent data streams to use the same physical link, minimizing head-of-line blocking and avoids resource conflicts. Together, they ensure deadlock-free communication. The experimental results confirm this approach to avoid deadlocks, even with heavy traffic conditions in the topology for unidirectional rings. This work highlights the possibility of including wormhole switching and virtual channels into scalable and reliable NoC designs.