Infrastructure is essential for the functioning of modern societies and economies, thus investing in infrastructure can lead to economic growth, improved public safety and security, and an enhanced quality of life for people in each area. The aim of this study was to implement a 5-year plan with the objective of maximizing the overall benefit–cost ratio (BCR) of a network of bridges within a specific budget. This objective was achieved by utilizing two optimization models. The first model focused on optimizing the Markov Chain Transition Probability Matrix (TPM) to forecast the deterioration level of each bridge component. Based on this optimization, a 5-year plan was devised, considering a set yearly budget to achieve the optimal BCR. The results of the model showed an average BCR of 6.82, with the total repair cost for the 5-year plan falling below the allocated budget for the entire period. This indicates that the model successfully identified the best maintenance strategy for repairing various bridge components while adhering to predefined constraints that ensured each component’s condition did not fall below a rating of 4. These outcomes were achieved while staying within the predetermined annual budget, highlighting the success of the model in formulating a maintenance plan to address damaged bridge components and enhance the network’s overall BCR while upholding all constraints.