Secure data transfer (SDT) is crucial in modern information societies, particularly for cross-organizational data exchange. This paper investigates the application of blockchain technology to create robust SDT systems, combining the benefits of using blockchain as both a data access interface and a direct data transfer tool. We propose a novel architecture featuring a message broker-like design that overcomes data size limitations present in existing blockchain-based SDT solutions. The architecture incorporates blockchain, internal data storage within organizations, and connectors facilitating interaction between these components. The SDT process relies on smart contracts for managing data access, transfer, and confirmation, while the actual data is stored off-chain. We advocate for a private, two-layered blockchain-based system, employing PBFT consensus within smaller clusters for efficient message transfer and RAFT consensus for system management and data replication. This layered approach enhances both fault tolerance and scalability capabilities in comparison to existing blockchain approaches and traditional message brokers. Furthermore, we explore the potential of integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) for anomaly detection in smart contract execution and dynamic load balancing across blockchain nodes in order to optimize the security and performance characteristics of the system. We present a system architecture overview and describe key implementation details of proposed system, including potential AI-driven enhancements.