In the perpetual battle between pests and agricultural productivity, the need for innovative and sustainable pest management solutions has become more critical. Traditional pesticides are effective but often pose significant risks to the environment, human health, development of pest resistance, and nontarget to specific pests. However, the dawn of nanotechnology has ushered in a new era of agricultural pest management through the development of nanopesticides. Nanopesticides are revolutionizing pest management in agriculture, and researchers have reported the development and wider efficacy and targeted pest effect. This chapter navigates through nanopesticide formulation, elucidating the various carrier materials and controlled release strategies designed to enhance efficacy and minimize environmental impact. It examines the diverse modes of action through which nanopesticides interact with pests, offering insights into their selectivity, toxicity, and potential effects on nontarget organisms. This also unravels the regulatory frameworks governing nanopesticide development and safety assessment while also addressing public perception and acceptance. Challenges and future perspectives are meticulously analyzed, offering a roadmap for overcoming barriers to adoption and harnessing the full potential of nanotechnology in agriculture.