Nanotechnology has significant potential to revolutionize the agriculture and food industries through the use of “nano-agrochemicals.” However, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms and toxic properties of these nanoparticles because they can pose risks to the environment, human health, and ecological systems. Recent advancements in nano-agrochemicals offer opportunities for the agri-food sector, but insufficient data limits risk assessment of their agricultural use. This leads to uncertainties in both consumer and environmental safety, which can impact regulatory frameworks and public confidence. To address these uncertainties, several critical questions need to be answered. These include developing methods for the life cycle of these nano-agrochemicals, risk assessment, toxicity, bioaccumulation, and evaluation of both positive and negative effects. It is also important to investigate the impacts of nanosystems on soil microorganisms and the extent of nano-transformation in plants. The use of nanomaterials in agri-food and environmental concerns necessitates strict laws and regulations on production, processing, application, and disposal, considering environmental, ethical, medical, and security concerns. To evaluate the risks associated with nanotechnology in agriculture, it is necessary to consider nano-ecotoxicology. This includes assessing the state of public perception and awareness of nanotechnology. Therefore, it is important to establish toxicity testing protocols, descriptions of dose metrics, methods to detect nanosystems in food matrices, regulatory frameworks, and guidelines for generating risk assessment data.