Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN) emerged in 1980 from the union of five political-military organisations in El Salvador. Rooted in the New Left movement inspired by the Cuban Revolution, its goal was to overthrow the military government and establish socialism. The FMLN played a crucial role in the Salvadorean Civil War (1980–1992), evolving ideologically from Marxism-Leninism to a more flexible and pragmatic approach. From its inception, the FMLN was characterised by its ability to build broad alliances with political, social, and labour forces, which shaped its strategies throughout the conflict. It later sought political alliances, engaging in peace negotiations that culminated in the Chapultepec Peace Accords (1992). Transitioning into a political party, the FMLN participated in elections, facing internal ideological struggles. Despite its socialist ideals, it gradually adopted social democratic policies, ultimately winning the presidency in 2009. The FMLN’s trajectory reflects a shift from armed struggle to democratic governance, marking a significant transformation in El Salvador’s political landscape.