A Spectrum of Diverse Modes of Work-Integrated Learning for Educating Adults
摘要
The chapter focuses on adult learners who need to further their education. Adults are often obliged to engage in further study because of challenges experienced due to increasing work complexity, the diversification of workplaces, and changes brought about by the Fourth Industrial Revolution. This chapter starts by recognising that work-integrated learning (WIL) moved on from the erstwhile model where studying is interspaced with periods of workplace experience to an umbrella notion of a spectrum of possible modes. A three-dimensional typology of a spectrum of almost 50 modes of WIL instances, spread over two axes and divided into three categories, is presented in this chapter. Several modes cater for employed adults. This is followed by a discussion of modes of WIL that are deemed particularly relevant to employed adult learners, including the following: problem- and project-based learning; cases, case studies, case histories and live case studies; studio-based learning; portfolio-based learning; and debriefing, huddling and stand-up gatherings. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the envisaged need for the scaffolding of adult learning.