Since its introduction in 1985, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has experienced a significant surge in popularity within the international scientific community. Used for studying cognition, brain–behavior relationships, and the pathophysiology of neurologic and psychiatric disorders, TMS has seen advancements in coils, stimulus paradigms (such as patterned repetitive TMS), and integration with technologies like neuronavigation, electroencephalography (EEG), positron emission tomography (PET), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). These developments have enhanced the accuracy and clinical value of research and clinical studies, expanding investigations into non-motor areas of the brain and testing therapeutic applications. At the same time, it was necessary to develop and define specific recommendations for the safe use of TMS, which are summarised in this chapter.