Sedation can be performed by nonanesthesiologists safely if the administrative, technical, and medication administration requirements have been fulfilled and the physician performing the sedation has adequate training in the application of sedation and emergency procedures. Patients and procedures eligible for nonanesthesiologist sedation should be determined in cooperation with the institution’s anesthesia department and standard operating procedures should be formulated for emergencies. All patients undergoing more than minimal sedation (anxiolysis only) need to be monitored for respiratory and hemodynamic deterioration with continuous pulse oximetry, capnography, ECG, and blood pressure measurements. After determining the desired level of sedation, one should assess each patient individually for risks, considering there is no standard recipe suitable for all patients. Depending on the procedure (diagnostic versus interventional) and the patient factors (e.g., age, comorbidities, level of anxiety) the sedation should be titrated with intravenous boluses of short-acting to medium-length-acting sedatives and analgesics. Small doses of midazolam for sedation and fentanyl for analgesia have been used frequently, with ketamine as an alternative. Adjunctive treatment includes appropriate premedication, the management of hemodynamics, and postsedation nausea and pain. Special attention has to be given to airway patency and ventilation, particularly in the very young or the very old, particularly if the procedure requires deep sedation. Sedating children mandates special caution and knowledge of pediatric physiology and pharmacology. The dosing of medication is usually done per kilogram of body weight. Chloral hydrate is an alternative agent for nonintravenous sedation. All patients must be adequately monitored after sedation by a trained healthcare professional with direct access to emergency care and medical assistance until the patient has returned to preprocedural levels of performance.