As long as the operator performs fewer than about 1000 CT-guided biopsies a year, the effective dose and therefore the stochastic effect of radiation is likely to be a minor problem. The main attention must be drawn to the deterministic effects on the patient’s and the operator’s skin. The dose limit for occupational exposure of the hand is 500 mSv per year. If the operator’s hand is frequently exposed by the primary beam, this limit is easily reached. In addition, the eye lenses are exposed to scattered radiation. This effect depends directly on the distance between the interventionalist and the gantry and/or the patient and is thus specifically threatening during CT fluoroscopy. It is therefore mandatory to use lead aprons, thyroid shielding, and protective goggles during the whole procedure as general radiation protection measures. The best protection can be achieved by not being exposed to radiation at all by leaving the room during the application of radiation. If in-room presence is necessary, suitable secondary protection (e.g., needle holders, lead drapes) should be used. Reducing radiation exposure by optimizing the scan parameters is recommended in all cases. It is a key toward reducing the dose to the operator and the patient.