Initiated during the height of the anti-war, nationalist movements in the 1970s in the Philippines, Sikolohiyang Filipino (SP) registered the impact of “third world” insurgencies against global capitalism during the Cold War. Virgilio Enriquez, its progenitor, criticized the repressive legacy of 400 years of Western colonialism in knowledge production, particularly in the discipline of psychology. Its research program intervened in the ethics of institutions of family, business, and the public sphere. By recovering a native tradition of resistance submerged in popular beliefs and traditional cultural practices, SP reflected the emancipatory spirit of the struggle for democracy and national sovereignty. It inspired an indigenizing project of affirming communal values based on lived experience, linked to the conceptual metaphor condensed in kapwa (mutuality or shared humanity). Within two decades, SP made significant discoveries in understanding the “embodied mind” of an emergent Filipino identity. While critical of Western hegemony, SP still needs to undertake a rigorous critique of the historical determinants that sustain the persistent subservient mindset of the majority, particularly the reifying ideology-practices of the neoliberal market economy that constrain any genuinely liberatory indigenizing project.