The global educational crisis, characterized by low mathematics performance, has driven the search for innovative tools to address this issue. In this context, virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising tool to enhance the understanding of mathematical concepts. This systematic review analyzed studies on the use of VR to enhance mathematics learning in primary education. A search was conducted in Scopus using the PICO strategy, and 14 relevant studies were selected following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, with the selection process guided by the PRISMA statement. The results highlight the positive effects of VR on mathematics learning, including personalized instruction and increased student engagement. The findings indicate that strategic integration of VR can be a significant catalyst for improving primary school mathematics competence.