Large-diameter axial thin-walled metal rings are pivotal components for the integrated forming of large-scale structural parts such as rocket rear end covers and fuel tank closures. The double-roll hot orbital forging technology boasts advantages such as low forming load, relatively small eccentric load, good forming surface quality, and material and energy conservation, making it suitable for forming large-diameter axial thin-walled ring parts. Nevertheless, during the forming process of the metal ring, it is subject to the combined influence of multiple factors including cyclic local stress, substantial plastic deformation, and uneven temperature distribution. This leads to an unclear understanding of the distribution laws of the microstructure and mechanical properties of the metal ring after forming, as well as an ambiguous mechanical property regulation mechanism, making it difficult to meet the performance requirements. Therefore, this paper investigates the distribution laws of the microstructure and mechanical properties of metal rings in double-roll hot orbital forging. The research reveals that, compared with the initial metal ring, the grain size of the formed metal ring is refined from the original 24.0–51.4 μm to 4.0 –11.0 μm. The yield strength of the formed metal ring is increased by 45.2%--94.3%, the tensile strength is increased by 12.1%–30.7%, and the impact toughness is increased by 279.7%–291.2%. This study provides a theoretical basis for the popularization and application of the double-roll hot orbital forging forming technology of metal rings.