To enhance the thermal performance of internal cooling in a grooved channel, a rib-grooved turbulator is proposed. This study conducts a detailed numerical analysis of a rectangular cooling channel with varying groove depths ranging from 1 to 10, focusing on optimizing heat transfer efficiency while minimizing pressure loss. The simulations are performed for Reynolds numbers ranging from 12,000 to 27,000, providing an evaluation of flow characteristics, pressure loss, and overall thermal performance. The results indicate that groove depth plays a crucial role in shaping the velocity distribution, vortex formation, and heat transfer enhancement. Both the pressure loss coefficient and the dimensionless pressure loss coefficient exhibit a decreasing trend with increasing groove depth. The inverse relationship between Reynolds number and pressure loss is maintained across all Reynolds number conditions, with greater Reynolds numbers resulting in lower pressure losses. As the Reynolds number increases, the Nusselt number increases, demonstrating enhanced heat transfer with increasing turbulence, consistent with the positive correlation between turbulence and heat transfer efficiency. With increasing Reynolds number, the pressure loss coefficient exhibits a decreasing trend, a characteristic phenomenon in turbulent flows. This reduction occurs because intensified turbulence enhances fluid mixing and promotes more uniform pressure redistribution, consequently decreasing flow resistance. These findings offer valuable insights into optimizing cooling channel designs for engineering applications, providing a foundation for improved thermal management strategies in high-performance systems.