A controversial topic, even in some parts of the Western world, is the teaching of the theory of evolution. The teaching about it usually takes place within the framework of the biology subject, but in a Swedish context the theory of evolution also appears in the school subject non-confessional religious education. In the subject plan for religious education at upper secondary school (GY11), the overall content includes as a novelty that the teacher must address the relationship between religion and science. Questions about creation and evolution are mentioned as examples. The ongoing change in non-confessional religious education in, for example, England and Wales (CoRE, 2018), which is about incorporating non-religious worldviews “at all key-stages” (Barnes, Crisis, controversy and the future of religious education, Routledge, 2020), suggests the possibility of a similar development in other European countries, namely that the theory of evolution will in future also be taken up within the framework of a “worldview education” (and not only in the subject of biology). A series of distinctions then become central in a worldview education, which the teacher needs to acquire and take a position on. The theory of evolution can either be presented in a polarizing form that excludes all theistic belief in God (being an element in a so-called secular worldview) or in a less polarizing form that only conflicts with fundamentalist forms of religion. Another important distinction, which contains fundamental questions concerning the view of science, concerns the difference between the theory of evolution as a strictly scientific theory versus the theory of evolution magnified into a general theory about the nature of reality itself. The latter distinction raises the question of which picture of the doctrine of evolution that the teacher who conducts a worldview education should devote himself to conveying. The purpose of the chapter is to provide the teacher with conceptual strategies to nuance the teaching of the theory of evolution and demonstrate the complexity of this issue in terms of the relationship between religion and science.