In the evolving landscape of migration, healthcare access for migrants has become a contested terrain, reflecting broader tensions in European social policy. This chapter investigates the concept of ‘contested healthcare territories,’ exploring how these spaces are not merely pre-existing but actively constructed and reshaped by various actors, including governments, NGOs, healthcare providers, and migrants themselves. By analysing 107 semi-structured interviews conducted across two European countries—Germany and Belgium—with 81 third-country migrants and 26 healthcare professionals, this study illuminates the dynamic processes that govern access to healthcare services. Through a processual lens, the chapter examines how legal status, institutional practices, and cultural dynamics intersect to create barriers and opportunities within healthcare systems. It highlights the role of bureaucratic bordering, wherein street-level actors such as healthcare workers act as gatekeepers and symbolic bordering perpetuates social hierarchies among migrants based on perceived ‘deservingness.’ Migrants face systemic barriers, including language gaps, financial constraints, and discriminatory practices, while healthcare providers navigate the challenges of limited resources and conflicting policy frameworks. This chapter makes a unique contribution to understanding healthcare as a bordered and negotiated space, where inclusion and exclusion coexist, and rights are contingent upon shifting policies and practices. It calls for reimagining healthcare as a processual territory shaped by local and national governance, professional discretion, and migrant agency, offering critical insights for scholars and practitioners engaged in migration and social policy.