Digital transformation represents a critical shift in modern governance, driving greater efficiency, transparency, and accessibility in public services. Focusing on the Arab region, this study examines the foundations and infrastructure needed to successfully implement digital transformation, drawing insights from the GEMS Maturity Index and global best practices. By analyzing 22 case studies 10 from Arab countries and 12 from leading global examples—the study highlights essential similarities, notable differences, and valuable lessons that can be adapted to the Arab context. Fundamental elements include visionary leadership, strong technological infrastructure, skilled human capital, supportive regulatory frameworks, and active citizen engagement. The study also explores challenges unique to global and Arab settings and offers practical recommendations to advance digital transformation initiatives across the region.