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Magnesium, the sixth most abundant element in the Earth’s crust, is the lightest structural metal and has long been recognized for its scientific and industrial value. Its history spans from early isolation in the eighteenth century to extensive use in wartime aviation and modern lightweight engineering. Magnesium’s intrinsic properties—low density, high specific strength, and good castability—make it attractive for aerospace, automotive, and structural applications, though its reactivity and limited high-temperature strength remain challenges. Alloy development, particularly with aluminum, zinc, rare earths, and lithium, has expanded its utility in cast and wrought forms, enabling improved corrosion resistance and performance. This introduction outlines the historical context, fundamental properties, and alloy classifications that underpin magnesium’s role in advanced materials technologies.

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Introduction

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Sankaranarayanan Seetharaman,
  • Dhivya Sankaranarayanan,
  • Eugene Wong,
  • Manoj Gupta

摘要

Magnesium, the sixth most abundant element in the Earth’s crust, is the lightest structural metal and has long been recognized for its scientific and industrial value. Its history spans from early isolation in the eighteenth century to extensive use in wartime aviation and modern lightweight engineering. Magnesium’s intrinsic properties—low density, high specific strength, and good castability—make it attractive for aerospace, automotive, and structural applications, though its reactivity and limited high-temperature strength remain challenges. Alloy development, particularly with aluminum, zinc, rare earths, and lithium, has expanded its utility in cast and wrought forms, enabling improved corrosion resistance and performance. This introduction outlines the historical context, fundamental properties, and alloy classifications that underpin magnesium’s role in advanced materials technologies.