A complete analysis of the concepts of method and methodology as these have been understood and conceptualized in the study of religion in presented in this chapter. The focus will be on a descriptive analysis of the huge diversity of meanings currently in existence. It will be shown how in the actual practice the concepts of method and methodology largely overlap in meaning and thus a consistent and a complete separation of the two is not achievable. It will be argued that the diversity of meanings is best analysed in a three-dimensional model: method(ology) as a procedure, method(ology) as a research approach and method(ology) as the positioning the scholar. This three-dimensional model also helps to clarify the location of the positioning debate within the overall matter of the methodological and theoretical foundations of the study of religion in general.