Socio-environmental conflicts due to soil contamination in Mexico arise primarily from industrial, agricultural, and mining activities that degrade ecosystems and affect local communities. Improper disposal of toxic waste, excessive use of agrochemicals, and open-pit mining have led to a significant loss of soil fertility, affecting human health, biodiversity, and agricultural production. Communities near industrial or rural areas face disease, food shortages, and loss of livelihoods. These conflicts are often marked by a lack of effective regulation, corruption, and the exclusion of communities from decision-making processes. Affected populations, often Indigenous or rural, resort to protests, litigation, and social resistance to demand environmental justice and the restoration of their lands. Cases such as El Salto, Jalisco, or the lead contamination in San Luis Potosí highlight the seriousness of the problem. Despite some legal advances, such as laws on hazardous waste, enforcement remains weak. The solution requires more participatory environmental governance, effective control of polluting activities, and mechanisms that guarantee reparation for harms, prioritizing the health and rights of affected communities.