In Mexico, soil pollution is a serious environmental problem that has intensified due to the excessive use of agrochemicals, improper disposal of industrial and urban waste, and uncontrolled mining. Common contaminants include heavy metals such as lead and cadmium, pesticides, hydrocarbons, and solid waste. In the environment, these contaminants alter soil structure and fertility, diminishing its ability to sustain plant life. This, in turn, affects ecosystems, as many species depend on the soil for food or reproduction. For example, in the agricultural area of the Mexicali Valley, the intensive use of fertilizers and pesticides has contaminated soil and groundwater, affecting local fauna. Biodiversity also suffers. Many species of beneficial soil microorganisms disappear, disrupting natural processes such as decomposition and nutrient cycling. In regions such as the Lerma Basin, soils contaminated by industrial waste have contributed to the loss of native plant species. For humans, the effects include health problems such as cancer, neurological disorders, and respiratory illnesses, especially in communities near industrial zones. In Puebla, for example, cases of heavy metal poisoning have been reported in children living near waste disposal sites. Soil contamination in Mexico requires urgent prevention, control, and remediation measures to protect life and ecological balance.