Orthotropic steel bridge decks are among the most common bridge constructions of the 1960s and 1970s, as they save up to 25% of the total mass compared to other bridge designs and allow large spans. However, structural damages, particularly to steel bridges with orthotropic decks, has increased significantly over the last 20–30 years. These damages are due to inadequate welds, material deficiencies and increasing traffic loads that have overloaded the infrastructure. As a result, orthotropic steel decks are prone to fatigue and exhibit different categories of fatigue damage. This article deals with category 2 fatigue damage and the extension of the service life of orthotropic steel decks by cold joining techniques using high-strength blind fasteners. Fatigue tests were carried out on non-welded constructional details of a torn orthotropic steel deck from the 1970s. In addition, comparative fatigue tests were carried out on identical constructional details made of new structural steel (S355J2+N) without pre-stressing. By carrying out static and fatigue tests on high-strength blind fasteners and bearing type connections, reliable design rules for a Eurocode 3 compliant design were developed. Their application in an existing bridge structure has not shown any further structural damage in reinforced areas since their application.