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Both in and outside of France, the Napoleonic Empire relied heavily on military force to counter insurgency against it. This chapter analyzes the development of French counter-insurgency operations, by examining the case of one general, Jean-Maximilien Lamarque, who helped to cultivate and circulate their practice, across three different theaters: Calabria between 1806 and 1810; Catalonia from 1811 to 1814; and the Vendée, during the Hundred Days. Drawing lessons from the earlier French campaigns against royalist insurgents in the Vendée in 1793–1795, which he had followed from afar, Lamarque was critical in the fight against insurgency across the empire between 1806 and 1815; his case thus highlights the importance of such secondary officers in managing the empire and theorizing military ‘Enlightenment.’

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‘It is not in traversing the country that one will end this war’: Maximien Lamarque and French Counter-Insurgency Operations in Calabria, Catalonia, and the Vendée

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    2025年

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  • Christine Haynes

摘要

Both in and outside of France, the Napoleonic Empire relied heavily on military force to counter insurgency against it. This chapter analyzes the development of French counter-insurgency operations, by examining the case of one general, Jean-Maximilien Lamarque, who helped to cultivate and circulate their practice, across three different theaters: Calabria between 1806 and 1810; Catalonia from 1811 to 1814; and the Vendée, during the Hundred Days. Drawing lessons from the earlier French campaigns against royalist insurgents in the Vendée in 1793–1795, which he had followed from afar, Lamarque was critical in the fight against insurgency across the empire between 1806 and 1815; his case thus highlights the importance of such secondary officers in managing the empire and theorizing military ‘Enlightenment.’