Osteoarticular infections in children are common in the developing world and can assume a number of forms. They can present as acute osteomyelitis, septic arthritis of major joints, or as pyomyositis. Chronic osteomyelitis happens because of poor management or because of persistent and resistant organisms. The principles of management of osteoarticular infections are early detection, targeted medical therapy based on the best guess or evidence, and surgery where necessary. Surgery may be indicated for an uncertain diagnosis, clearance of dead tissue and pus, huge collection of pus, and for drainage of septic joints, which is an emergency. All modalities and investigations available should be used for the early detection of osteoarticular infections. Besides the clinical picture, blood investigations like an elevated white cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) are useful. Ultrasound can show the presence of fluid and pus, dead bone and pus can be demonstrated on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) very clearly, and these investigational modalities will assure rapid diagnosis and judicious management. Inadequate management of infection can give rise to sequelae. Growth plate damage can give rise to angular deformity or to complete growth arrest and shortening. Bone necrosis and destruction can happen at the bone ends within the joint, and these can create challenges for management. Joints can subluxate or dislocate and may need reduction. Multifocal infections can create bigger challenges with joint deformations, shortening, and early degeneration. Early detection and adequate, speedy management remain the cornerstones for successful treatment and for reducing the morbidity associated with osteoarticular infections.