This chapter presents a state-of-the-art review of different investigations focused on Fetal Phonocardiography (fPCG). fPCG signals allow the identification of the fetus’s cardiac alterations during pregnancy through a noninvasive and secure approach. However, fPCG signals present some challenges, for example: very weak signal sources, high levels of noise, source mixing, and significant signal attenuation. This work provides a review of available fPCG datasets and the methods proposed for source separation, extraction, and filtering of fPCG signals, as well as the methods for estimating fetal heart rate (fHR) and detecting fetal Heart Sounds (fHS). Additionally, since it is sometimes necessary to transmit or store fPCG signals, the chapter also discusses signal compression approaches and applications involving fPCG signals.