The purpose of this study is to unearth a research gap in the context of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) in the energy companies. There are nine objectives of the study in the context of energy companies. They are, namely, (1) to examine the trends of ESG; (2) to examine the most impactful sources on ESG; (3) to examine the most impactful authors in ESG; (4) to examine the most impactful countries in ESG; (5) to examine the most frequently used author keywords; (6) to examine the trend topics in ESG; (7) to examine the themes on ESG; (8) to examine the highly cited papers in ESG; (9) to identify the research gaps on ESG. The three main components of assessing a company’s sustainability and societal impact are environmental, social, and governance (ESG). The goal of energy companies to lessen their environmental impact has grown. This is a bibliometric analysis and a systematic literature review of Web of Science. The identified research gap through bibliometric analysis is that there is no theoretical and empirical evidence on green orientation, green innovation, environmental performance, and perceived financial performance in a conceptual framework in the Sri Lankan energy companies, perhaps in the international context.