The Peruvian Cabinet Formation: Between Party Weakness and Extreme Instability (2016–2023)
摘要
This study examines governance dynamics in Peru from 2016 to 2023, a period marked by frequent presidential turnovers and multiple cabinets characterized by diverse ideological orientations but short tenures. The country’s governance model—a presidential system with parliamentary elements—emphasizes the pivotal role of the President of the Council of Ministers, who must obtain congressional approval to assume office. Peru’s political landscape is defined by a weakly institutionalized party system, characterized by high electoral volatility, parliamentary fragmentation, and limited national competitiveness. As a result, unstable parliamentary groupings, frequent cabinet reshuffles, strained executive-legislative relations, and short-lived administrations have become the norm. The lack of strong political institutions has primarily led to the formation of nonpartisan cabinets, reflecting the absence of consensus or cooperation between the legislative and executive branches. The failure to build stable coalitions around government posts challenges the dominant pattern of patronage politics typically observed in Latin America. In this regard, Peru’s move toward nonpartisan governance represents a significant departure from regional trends. This study investigates the criteria underlying cabinet selection, congressional confidence votes for the Council of Ministers, ministerial changes, early resignations, and the role of parliamentary groups. It aims to elucidate the causes behind the persistent absence of executive-legislative agreements in shaping governance, thereby shedding light on the distinctive features of Peru’s political and institutional dynamics during this period.