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In this study, the dynamic properties of military helmet shells made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and aramid, both compliant with NIJ HG2 standards, were investigated. As part of the experimental modal analysis, excitations were induced using an impact hammer, and measurements were conducted with an accelerometer to record vibrational responses. Additionally, numerical insights were provided through finite element analysis. The obtained results indicated that the UHMWPE helmet exhibits higher stiffness, reflected in increased natural frequencies. In contrast, the aramid helmet demonstrated lower natural frequencies, consistent with its reduced stiffness. The experimentally measured and numerically simulated frequencies showed good agreement, with deviations of up to 10%, confirming the accuracy of the assumed mechanical properties of the analyzed helmet materials. The identified dynamic characteristics of helmet materials are crucial for assessing the risk of behind-helmet blunt trauma (BHBT), as stiffness and damping properties govern energy absorption and stress distribution. By refining and calibrating the homogenized material parameters for each material, this study provides preliminary foundations for optimizing combat helmet design. The validated approach and quantitative findings offer valuable insights into the development of advanced helmets, enhancing their protective effectiveness and reducing the risk of impact-induced injuries in modern battlefield conditions.

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Identification of the Stiffness of the Military Helmet Shell Using Modal Analysis

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Karina Krawiec,
  • Mikołaj Kazimierczak,
  • Jakub Słowiński,
  • Grzegorz Ziółkowski,
  • Maciej Panek,
  • Mirosław Bocian,
  • Krzysztof Jamroziak,
  • Dawid Larysz,
  • Celina Pezowicz,
  • Dariusz Pyka

摘要

In this study, the dynamic properties of military helmet shells made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and aramid, both compliant with NIJ HG2 standards, were investigated. As part of the experimental modal analysis, excitations were induced using an impact hammer, and measurements were conducted with an accelerometer to record vibrational responses. Additionally, numerical insights were provided through finite element analysis. The obtained results indicated that the UHMWPE helmet exhibits higher stiffness, reflected in increased natural frequencies. In contrast, the aramid helmet demonstrated lower natural frequencies, consistent with its reduced stiffness. The experimentally measured and numerically simulated frequencies showed good agreement, with deviations of up to 10%, confirming the accuracy of the assumed mechanical properties of the analyzed helmet materials. The identified dynamic characteristics of helmet materials are crucial for assessing the risk of behind-helmet blunt trauma (BHBT), as stiffness and damping properties govern energy absorption and stress distribution. By refining and calibrating the homogenized material parameters for each material, this study provides preliminary foundations for optimizing combat helmet design. The validated approach and quantitative findings offer valuable insights into the development of advanced helmets, enhancing their protective effectiveness and reducing the risk of impact-induced injuries in modern battlefield conditions.