Bridge Design Specifications (BDS) provide various criteria to control deflection and vibration. Currently, the AASHTO LRFD (2022) BDS provides depth-to-span (D/L) ratios, optional limits on the maximum live load deflection, and dynamic load allowance. It was presumed that deflection criteria are intended to indirectly control bridge vibrations. However, studies have shown that deflection criteria are not sufficient to effectively control perceptible vibrations. Since humans are more sensitive to acceleration rather than deflection, there is a need to perform an assessment of code provisions to control the vibrations for bridges. This paper presents an in-depth investigation for vibration control in steel girder bridges by evaluating an array of bridges using a three-dimensional dynamic model incorporating the dynamic interaction between the bridge, road roughness, and vehicle. For better control of bridge vibration, the effect of various parameters, such as depth-to-span ratio and slab thickness, on acceleration, velocity, deflection, impact factor, and frequency, were addressed. Additionally, the validity of the 15% impact factor specified in American Association of State highway Transportation Officials (ASHTO) Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) Bridge Design Specification (BDS) (2022) fatigue provisions is addressed. Based on the results of the study, it was observed that increasing the deck slab thickness is more efficient than increasing the span-to-depth ratio D/L to reduce peak acceleration.